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碳酸锂价格跌破50万元大关 消费者买车能更便宜吗?******

  中新网1月16日电(中新财经 葛成) 受供需变化等因素影响,近日,一向坚挺的碳酸锂价格跌破每吨50万元关口。作为新能源汽车的重要原材料,碳酸锂降价将对新能源汽车市场产生何种影响?谁又将从其价格下跌中获益?

资料图:碳酸锂。 盐湖集团供图

  碳酸锂“身价”近期跌幅超两成 

  据上海有色网报价显示,16日,电池级碳酸锂均价报每吨47.65万元,价格较2022年11月上旬的最高点跌幅超过两成。

  回顾价格走势,碳酸锂曾在两年左右的时间身价上涨超十倍。

  2021年初,电池级碳酸锂的价格仅为每吨5万元左右,2022年底则涨至每吨近60万元。进入2023年,价格回调,跌破每吨50万元关口。

  作为锂电的消耗大户,新能源汽车持续影响着碳酸锂的供需关系,在其价格变动的过程中起到了推波助澜的作用。

  中国汽车动力电池产业创新联盟数据显示,2022年,我国动力电池累计产量545.9GWh,同比增长148.5%;动力电池累计装车量294.6GWh,同比增长90.7%。

  在中汽协副秘书长陈士华看来,碳酸锂价格变动与供需关系密切相关。此前,上游材料开发赶不上下游产业发展的速度,因此涨势明显。近期,随着国际市场产能快速提升,碳酸锂价格已经出现了明显的回落。

  业内人士认为,未来,碳酸锂供需格局或仍处于紧平衡状态。碳酸锂价格下调还未结束,2023年碳酸锂价格将回归到更合理区间

  “目前,碳酸锂价格已经在期货端降到(每吨)40万元以下。”据乘联会秘书长崔东树预计,碳酸锂价格未来将回归到每吨20万元左右的价格,甚至更低。

  国泰君安近期发布新能源汽车行业研报指出,2023年,锂电产业链有可能出现产能过剩现象,进一步加剧竞争。“锂电产业链各个环节均有不同程度产能释放,如果新增产能大幅超过行业需求,则可能带来产业链产能过剩,从而影响竞争格局和盈利水平。”

资料图:汽车运输。王以照 摄

  买新能源汽车会否更便宜?专家:降价是长期趋势

  碳酸锂价格下跌,买新能源汽车会不会更便宜?

  崔东树认为,考虑到原材料价格下降、制造规模化以及产业创新等因素,新能源汽车价格下降是长期趋势

  据他分析,新能源汽车价格下跌或受到两方面因素影响。一方面,新能源补贴退出有利于企业聚焦市场,有利于降低市场增长的预期;另一方面,上游矿产投资带来的供给充足,碳酸锂价格回归中低位有利于整车价格的合理回归。

  中新财经注意到,近期,有车企选择以降低终端价格的方式抢占市场。

  2023年伊始,特斯拉车型降价的消息就引发广泛关注。其中,Model 3起售价降至22.99万元,Model Y起售价降至25.99万元,两款国产车型已降至历史最低价。

  当地时间12日,特斯拉美国官网也下调了所有车型的价格。其中,Model 3基础版降价3000美元至43990美元,降幅为6%;Model S基础版降价1万美元至94990美元,降幅为10%;Model X基础版降价1.1万美元,降幅为9%。降幅最大的是基础版Model Y,降价1.3万美元至52990美元,降幅为20%。

  国泰君安在研报中提到,特斯拉降价背景下,新能源汽车在需求端有望得到有效释放。其中,中国和美国市场将贡献主要增量,预计2023年全球新能源汽车销量有望达到1400万辆,中国新能源汽车将达880万辆以上销量水平。

山西晋中的一条汽车生产流水线。(资料图)  张云 摄

  中国新能源汽车国际竞争力有望进一步提升

  2023年,碳酸锂价格若能回归到合理区间,谁将从中受益?

  首先,在购买新能源汽车的过程中,消费者有望享受到更多优惠。

  其次,碳酸锂降价将为产业中下游带来巨大的成长空间,产业链有望充分受益。

  业内人士认为,随着碳酸锂价格回归,储能、整车厂、新能源汽车等行业有望加速发展,产业格局将更加健康。

  崔东树表示,未来几个月的电池成本必然明显下降,这对改善整车企业盈利带来很大的利好。“前期大量的电池投资,加之上游预期的调低,有利于降低资源价格。”

  最后,中国新能源汽车也有望进一步提升整体国际竞争力。

  崔东树认为,欧美、日韩等企业的品牌优势虽然明显,但我国新能源汽车的低成本竞争力已经凸显,低成本的价格竞争必然是改变世界汽车格局的核心竞争力。“新能源汽车产业链脱离原来的国际零部件供应商体系,中国力量在汽车零部件体系将日益强大。”(完)

中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

  中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。

  2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

  日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

  日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

  事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。

  因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。

  日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

  《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

  德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

  日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

  国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。

  太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。

  Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

  By John Lee

  (ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

  Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

  The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

  On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

  The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

  In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

  Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

  The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

  The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

  The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

  According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

  As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

  However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

  Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

  The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

  If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.

 

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